Texas
author Earl Staggs is back this month with his latest “History’s Rich With
Mysteries” guest blog. This time he considers the case of H. H. HOLMES – A Man and His Murder Castle.
HISTORY’S RICH WITH MYSTERIES
When I look at the past, I find
stories about people which fascinate me, particularly those in which there is a
curious mixture of fact, legend, and mysterious uncertainty. In this series of
articles, I want to explore some of those stories. I think of them as mysteries
swaddled in legend. While truth is always desired in most things, truth easily
becomes staid and boring. Legend, on the other hand, forever holds a hint of
romanticism and an aura of excitement borne of adventure, imagination and, of
course, mystery.
H. H. HOLMES – A Man and His Murder Castle
by Earl Staggs
H. H.
Holmes confessed to killing twenty-seven people, and some feel he may have
killed two hundred or more in the US and Canada. He began his life of crime as
a bigamist and a successful scam artist, but he would progress to become one of
America’s first serial killers and possibly the most prolific.
He
was born Herman Webster Mudgett on May 16, 1861, in Gilmonton, New Hampshire.
Considered a highly intelligent boy, he expressed an interest in medicine.
There were early signs of what he would become. He reportedly practiced surgery
on animals. It is also possible he was responsible for the death of a friend.
After graduating high school at the age of sixteen, he took teaching jobs in
nearby towns and soon married Clara Lovering, the first of his three wives.
At
the age of eighteen, he enrolled in the University of Vermont, but left after
only one year and entered the University of Michigan's medical school. He
graduated in June 1884. While attending school, he took out life insurance
policies on people he knew, presented cadavers he had stolen as their remains,
and collected on the policies. He may have also used the bodies for
experiments.
His
marriage quickly fell apart, and he abandoned his wife and their son. He spent
the next couple of years working various jobs in several cities and continued
with his scams. When he feared he might get caught, he moved to Chicago in 1886
and changed his name. While he used a number of aliases, he was most commonly
known as Henry Howard (or “H. H.”) Holmes.
In
Chicago, he found a job in a drugstore owned by Everett Holton. Not long after
Holmes went to work for him, Holton died, allegedly from natural causes. Within
weeks, Holton's wife sold the store to Holmes, and then she mysteriously
disappeared. The store provided Holmes with cash to continue scamming. One of
his enterprises was selling an “elixir” out of the store which was nothing but
tap water.
THE
MURDER CASTLE
In
1888, he began building a massive, elaborate, block-long hotel which local
residents called “The Castle.” Later, when it became known that Holmes murdered
a large number of people inside it, the imposing structure became known as “The
Murder Castle.”
Holmes
hired carpenters, electricians, and other workers to complete the building, but
fired them after they completed one room. That way, no one knew all the
features he designed into the place.
While
the third floor seemed normal for a hotel, other floors featured narrow,
maze-like hallways with doors and stairways leading to nowhere. There were
blind passageways, hinged walls, false partitions, rooms with no doors and
rooms with many doors. There were other doors leading to various kinds of
torture chambers. One secret room could only be entered through a trapdoor in
the ceiling. Victims were locked in and left to die of hunger. Another door
opened onto a chute which went to the basement. This provided for easy and
convenient body disposal. He installed an alarm system on all the bedroom doors
which alerted him whenever someone left their room. Holmes also had gas lines
inside the walls running to the bedrooms. He would turn on the gas at night
when his victims were asleep. The bedrooms walls were lined with asbestos to
silence their screams.
The
basement was described as a medieval torture dungeon with chains and other
means of restraints, a stretching rack, acids vats, and lime pits. There was
also a crematorium disguised as a glass furnace, and many of his victims are
believed to have been burned to ashes. He stripped the bodies of some victims
down to skeletons and sold them to medical schools and universities.
There
was no shortage of victims. In 1893, The World’s Columbian Exposition, also
known as the Chicago World’s Fair, opened and from then on, millions of
tourists per year came to see the amazing exhibits and buildings which were
left in place. Holmes' hotel offered attractive lodging for unsuspecting
tourists, especially elderly men and women. Some left the castle unharmed while
many were tortured and killed. He reportedly seduced a number of women, became
engaged to them, and after he took all their money, his fiancees would suddenly
and strangely disappear.
Others
were lured in by the offer of employment. He chose victims from his female
staff. They were required to take out life insurance policies with Holmes as
the beneficiary. He paid the premiums and collected on the policies after he
killed them.
Though
slight of stature, he was well-educated and mannered, and had no problem
attracting female admirers. In fact, he was quite the lady’s man. At one point,
he was married to three women at once and somehow kept each unaware of the
others. Strangely enough, no harm came to his wives, but several mistresses
disappeared without a trace.
One of
his mistresses, Julia Smythe, became pregnant and pressured Holmes to marry
her. He said he would, but first she had to agree to let him perform an
abortion. Instead of an abortion, he gave her an overdose of chloroform,
killing her.
Shortly
after that, Holmes sold a skeleton to the university for $200.
Another mistress, Emmaline
Cegrand, also worked as his personal secretary. After he grew tired of her, he
asked her to retrieve a document from an airtight, sealed room, and locked her
inside it so she would suffocate.
Once again, Holmes had a
skeleton to sell.
Holmes
kept busy with his various scams during the day and slaughtering people at
night. His adventures eventually led him to spend time in Fort Worth, St.
Louis, Indianapolis, and other cities as well as in Canada, usually with a
mistress or an accomplice along for assistance. His big mistake came when he
failed to pay one of his accomplices. The accomplice told all he knew to the
police. Holmes was pursued by the Pinkerton Detective Agency to Boston where he
was arrested on November 17, 1894, and charged with murder and fraud.
When
the police entered the Murder Castle, they found piles of bones, blood-stained
torture implements, and other evidence of the horrors that took place there.
They had a long list of names of people who had gone missing from the World's
Fair and traced fifty of them to the Murder Castle. They suspected even more
had lost their lives there, but identifying them was impossible because of the
manner of death and disposal of the victims.
During
his sensational trial, Holmes was dubbed the Monster of 63rd Street, The Torture Doctor, The Modern
Bluebeard, The Mighty Murderer, and The Beast of Chicago. At the time, he was
more famous than Jack the Ripper.
During
his trial, Holmes confessed to twenty-seven murders. The correct number may
well have been two hundred or more. No one knows for sure.
On
May 7, 1896, H. H. Holmes was hanged, nine days before his thirty-fifth
birthday.
It's
interesting that when the gallows trap sprung, his neck didn't snap as it was
supposed to. He twitched for more than fifteen agonizing minutes as he slowly
strangled to death. Some people felt it was a just end for a monster.
There have been a number of books and movies on
the life of H. H. Holmes. One book, The Devil in the White City by Erik
Larson, will be the basis of a movie starring Leonardo DiCaprio as Holmes.
Martin Scorcese will direct.
The author/editor/critic Anthony Boucher (after
whom Bouchercon, the annual mystery conference sponsored by Mystery Writers of
America was named) used the pseudonym H.H. Holmes for some of his works. When asked
why he used that name, he explained, “. . .most of my friends assumed that
‘H.H. Holmes’ was derived from the great Sherlock. Not so. Holmes was an alias
for one of the outstanding criminals of the century, Herman W. Mudgett. Later,
I used Mudgett’s real name for some of my printed verse.”
An attempt to burn the Murder Castle to the
ground took place in 1895. Some felt it was an attempt by Holmes' supporters to
destroy evidence of his crimes. Others felt a few enraged citizens wanted to
destroy the building so it could not be turned into a tourist attraction. The
castle survived the fire, however, and remained in place until 1938 when it was
torn down. A branch of the US Postal Service now occupies the space.
If it's true H. H. Holmes killed two hundred or
more people, he surpassed the total killed by Jeffrey Dahmer, John Wayne Gacy,
Gary Ridgway, and Ted Bundy combined. How can one human being take the lives of
so many others? Perhaps the answer to that question is hidden somewhere in our
DNA. Or maybe there's a code imbedded in our brain waves. Whatever it is, we might someday know the
answer and be able to determine very early in their life if someone is
predestined to becoming a serial killer. Hopefully, we would also have the
ablity to cure that person and prevent it from happening.
Earl Staggs ©2016
Texas author Earl Staggs earned
all Five Star reviews for his novels MEMORY OF A MURDER
and JUSTIFIED ACTION and has
twice received a Derringer Award for Best Short Story of the Year. He served as
Managing Editor of Futures Mystery Magazine, as President of the Short Mystery
Fiction Society, and is a frequent speaker at
conferences and seminars.
He invites any comments
via email at earlstaggs@sbcglobal.net
He also invites you
to visit his blog site at http://earlwstaggs.wordpress.com to learn more about his novels and stories.
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